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#Nuclear physics lectures ppt plus#

Nuclear Physics: Beta Decay Example: A thorium nucleus spontaneously decays, producing a protactinium nucleus and an beta particle. Nuclear Physics: Alpha Decay Example: A uranium nucleus spontaneously decays, producing a thorium nucleus and an alpha particle. Nuclear Physics: Radioactive Decay a particle: most massive, least “penetrative” b particle: “non-superlative” mass and penetration g particle: least massive (massless), most “penetrative” p+ no no Alpha Particle (a) Two protons and two neutrons (helium nucleus) p+ Beta Particle (b) A high energy electron Gamma (g) Particle (Ray) A high energy photon Nuclear Physics: Radioactive Decay There are three different types of “particles” that can be given off during radioactive decay. Instead of an equation with an equal sign, a reaction is shown with an arrow.

Nuclear Reactions During nuclear reactions, both mass and charge numbers must be conserved.

#Nuclear physics lectures ppt plus#

Mass Number: Number of protons plus neutrons Element Symbol Atomic Number = number of protons (or # of positive charges) Electron Neutron Proton Nuclear Physics: Notation This notation can also be used for single particles… Nucleons - the two constituent particles of a nucleus (protons and neutrons).Isotopes - atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

1 AMU is roughly equal to mass of a p+ or no.

Atomic Mass Unit (AMU) = Defined as 1/12 of the mass of a carbon 12 atom.

Mass Number - the number of nucleons in an atom (# of p+ plus # of no).

This number defines the particular element.

Atomic Number (charge number) - the number of protons in an atom/nucleus.

Most of the atom is empty space, and electrons are located at a distance from the nucleus, in discrete energy levels. The protons and neutrons make up the vast majority of the atom's mass, and are located together at the center of the atom, called the nucleus. (not to scale) Nuclear Physics At this point we have established that the atom has three main components, positively charged protons (p+), neutral neutrons (no) and negatively charged electrons (e-).